Stretch marks, also known as ‘Striae’ by dermatologists, are a form of scarring on the skin characterised by silvery-white thin, narrow grooves caused by the skin tearing. Although the skin is fairly elastic, rapid stretching of the skin will result in stretchmarks. Stretch marks are therefore commonly associated with pregnancy (‘striae gravitarum’), growth spurts in puberty or with obesity.
Stretch marks first appear as purple or red lines fading to a lighter colour over time. They are quite soft to the touch but feel empty. This is due to skin damage that causes ‘striae’ (stretch marks) to form in the resilient middle layer of the skin (the dermis) that helps retain the skin’s shape. Stretch marks form when collagen and elastin production is reduced or inhibited so the skin is unable to remain taut and firm. This lack of skin support makes it easier for the skin to tear when it is under pressure – resulting in stretch marks.
Stretch marks occur where most fat is stored in the skin, such as the abdomen, breasts, upper arms, thighs, hips and buttocks. Although they are unsightly to many people they actually pose no medical threat to health. In contrast, Cellulite occurs when pockets of fat create a dimpling 'orange peel' effect within the skin layers.
There are many suggested skincare treatments to minimise the appearance of stretch marks. These include daily applications of creams and lotions such as Vitamin E, Gotu Kola, Evening Primrose Oil, Cocoa Butter and Collagen rich ingredients that claim to visibly reduce stretch marks.
One way to prevent stretch marks in pregnancy is to apply rich emollients to the skin as the pregnancy progresses.
