Chloasma

Chloasma describes the dark skin discolouration found on sun-exposed areas of the face or during pregnancy caused by Melasma. Also known as the 'Mask of Pregnancy' it tends to occur in response to the presence of female hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone. These hormones produce more melanin pigments when exposed to the sun and light brown skinned women tend to suffer the most.

 

The occurrence of melasma has been found to increase in patients with thyroid disease. Rarely, melasma has also been linked to allergic reactions to medications and cosmetics.

 

Melasma is normally diagnosed using a wood lamp which helps to show excess melanin in the dermis.

 

Melasma can be treated topically using hydroquinone, azelaic acid, alpha hydroxy acids (or AHAs) peels including glycolic acid. The appearance of melasma can also be reduced using cosmetic concealers and cover-ups.